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Glossary

In this page, we have a collection of terms definitions that are used in the OLID-BR and Toxicity Detection project.

Kinds of Offensive Language#

Hate Speech#

A type of speech that is used to attack a group of people.1

Cyberbullying#

A type of speech that is used to attack an individual directly.1

Categories#

Health#

Hate speech based on health conditions, such as against disabled people.4

Ideology#

Hate speech based on a person's ideas, such as feminist or left wing ideology.4

Insult#

Insulting, inflammatory, or negative comment towards a person or a group of people.2

LGBTQphobia#

Negative or hateful comments targeting someone because of their gender identity, sexual orientation.2

Other-Lifestyle#

Hate speech based on life habits, such as vegetarian, vegan, etc.4

Physical aspects#

Hate speech based on physical aspects, such as fat, thin, tail or short people, etc.4

Profanity/Obscene#

Hateful comments with swear words, or other obscene or profane language.2

Racism#

Prejudiced thoughts and discriminatory actions based on difference in race/ethnicity.3

Religious intolerance#

Prejudiced thoughts and discriminatory actions based on the religion, cult or religious practice.4

Sexism#

Prejudiced thoughts and discriminatory actions based on difference in sex/gender, usually by men against women (a.k.a misogyny).3

Xenophobia#

The fear or hatred of foreigners.3


  1. Zampieri et al. "Predicting the type and target of offensive posts in social media." NAACL 2019. 

  2. "Perspective | Developers", Developers.perspectiveapi.com, 2021. [Online]. Available: https://developers.perspectiveapi.com/s/about-the-api-attributes-and-languages. [Accessed: 21- Aug- 2021] 

  3. Washington University - Student Affairs. (2020, August 12). Glossary of bias terms. Students. https://students.wustl.edu/glossary-bias-terms/

  4. Fortuna, Paula, et al. "A hierarchically-labeled portuguese hate speech dataset." Proceedings of the Third Workshop on Abusive Language Online. 2019. 


Last update: March 1, 2023